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Diseases and Treatment: IV. Other Parasitic Diseases

📆 October 30, 2024

Total Questions: 20

1. The organ affected by malaria is - [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1999]

Correct Answer: (d) Spleen
Solution:Malaria is transmitted most commonly by Plasmodium parasite whose carrier is female Anopheles mosquito. The spleen, which often becomes enlarged in malaria, is most affected part of the body. Quinine is the age-old traditional drug for treatment of malaria. Other effective drugs are camaquine, daraprim, resochin, etc.

2. Carrier of parasite Plasmodium is: [R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2010]

Correct Answer: (b) Mosquito
Solution:Malaria is transmitted most commonly by Plasmodium parasite whose carrier is female Anopheles mosquito. The spleen, which often becomes enlarged in malaria, is most affected part of the body. Quinine is the age-old traditional drug for treatment of malaria. Other effective drugs are camaquine, daraprim, resochin, etc.

3. Which of the following is a carrier of parasite Plasmodium? [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]

Correct Answer: (a) Mosquito
Solution:Malaria is transmitted most commonly by Plasmodium parasite whose carrier is female Anopheles mosquito. The spleen, which often becomes enlarged in malaria, is most affected part of the body. Quinine is the age-old traditional drug for treatment of malaria. Other effective drugs are camaquine, daraprim, resochin, etc.

4. Malignant malaria is caused by: [R.A.S./ R.T.S. (Pre) 2021]

Correct Answer: (d) Plasmodium falciparum
Solution:Malaria is transmitted most commonly by Plasmodium parasite whose carrier is female Anopheles mosquito. The spleen, which often becomes enlarged in malaria, is most affected part of the body. Quinine is the age-old traditional drug for treatment of malaria. Other effective drugs are camaquine, daraprim, resochin, etc.

5. Species of Plasmodium which causes Malignant Malaria: [Rajasthan P.C.S. (Pre) 2023]

Correct Answer: (b) Falciparum
Solution:Malaria is transmitted most commonly by Plasmodium parasite whose carrier is female Anopheles mosquito. The spleen, which often becomes enlarged in malaria, is most affected part of the body. Quinine is the age-old traditional drug for treatment of malaria. Other effective drugs are camaquine, daraprim, resochin, etc.

6. Which one of the following is NOT common between Malaria and Dengue? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1998]

Correct Answer: (d) Mosquito species
Solution:Malaria is a life-threatening febrile illness caused by Plasmodium parasites, transmitted through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. The disease is not contagious, but can be spread through infected blood or contaminated needles. The most dangerous species are Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. Symptoms appear 10-15 days after infection and include fever, chills, and headache. Severe symptoms can include seizures, difficulty breathing, jaundice, dark urine, and death if untreated. Partial immunity can develop in endemic regions, making diagnosis difficult in some patients.

Prevention includes vector control, use of mosquito nets, repellents (DEET, IR3535, Icaridin), long clothing, and chemoprophylaxis for travellers. Early diagnosis and treatment using microscopy or rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are critical.

Treatments include:
ACTs (Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies) for P. falciparum. Chloroquine for P. vivax where effective. Primaquine to prevent relapses in P. vivax and P. ovale infections. Severe malaria cases require injectable treatments in clinical settings.

7. Which of the following diseases is caused by protozoa? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]

Correct Answer: (d) Malaria
Solution:Malaria is a life-threatening febrile illness caused by Plasmodium parasites, transmitted through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. The disease is not contagious, but can be spread through infected blood or contaminated needles. The most dangerous species are Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. Symptoms appear 10-15 days after infection and include fever, chills, and headache. Severe symptoms can include seizures, difficulty breathing, jaundice, dark urine, and death if untreated. Partial immunity can develop in endemic regions, making diagnosis difficult in some patients.

Prevention includes vector control, use of mosquito nets, repellents (DEET, IR3535, Icaridin), long clothing, and chemoprophylaxis for travellers. Early diagnosis and treatment using microscopy or rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are critical.

Treatments include:
ACTs (Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies) for P. falciparum. Chloroquine for P. vivax where effective. Primaquine to prevent relapses in P. vivax and P. ovale infections. Severe malaria cases require injectable treatments in clinical settings.

8. Which disease among these is spread by a protozoa? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2008]

Correct Answer: (a) Malaria
Solution:Malaria is a life-threatening febrile illness caused by Plasmodium parasites, transmitted through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. The disease is not contagious, but can be spread through infected blood or contaminated needles. The most dangerous species are Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. Symptoms appear 10-15 days after infection and include fever, chills, and headache. Severe symptoms can include seizures, difficulty breathing, jaundice, dark urine, and death if untreated. Partial immunity can develop in endemic regions, making diagnosis difficult in some patients.

Prevention includes vector control, use of mosquito nets, repellents (DEET, IR3535, Icaridin), long clothing, and chemoprophylaxis for travellers. Early diagnosis and treatment using microscopy or rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are critical.

Treatments include:
ACTs (Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies) for P. falciparum. Chloroquine for P. vivax where effective. Primaquine to prevent relapses in P. vivax and P. ovale infections. Severe malaria cases require injectable treatments in clinical settings.

9. Which statement is not true regarding malaria? [38th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1992]

Correct Answer: (a) It is a disease caused by insect parasite
Solution:Malaria is a life-threatening febrile illness caused by Plasmodium parasites, transmitted through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. The disease is not contagious, but can be spread through infected blood or contaminated needles. The most dangerous species are Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. Symptoms appear 10-15 days after infection and include fever, chills, and headache. Severe symptoms can include seizures, difficulty breathing, jaundice, dark urine, and death if untreated. Partial immunity can develop in endemic regions, making diagnosis difficult in some patients.

Prevention includes vector control, use of mosquito nets, repellents (DEET, IR3535, Icaridin), long clothing, and chemoprophylaxis for travellers. Early diagnosis and treatment using microscopy or rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are critical.

Treatments include:
ACTs (Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies) for P. falciparum. Chloroquine for P. vivax where effective. Primaquine to prevent relapses in P. vivax and P. ovale infections. Severe malaria cases require injectable treatments in clinical settings.

10. Which of the following parasites is responsible for 65% of the cases of malaria in India? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2008]

Correct Answer: (b) P. vivax
Solution:Plasmodium vivax is a protozoan parasite and a human pathogen, the most frequent and widely distributed cause of recurring malaria. P. vivax is one of the five species of malaria parasites and it is responsible for about 65% cases of malaria in India. Actually Plasmodium vivax accounts for 65% of malaria cases in Asia and South America.
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